Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ). Class C Water License Exam

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Which of the following describes a potential outcome if fluorides exceed the recommended level in drinking water?

  1. Staining of teeth

  2. Diarrhea

  3. Skin irritation

  4. Neurological damage

The correct answer is: Staining of teeth

The potential outcome of staining of teeth, known as dental fluorosis, occurs when excessive fluoride is ingested during the years of tooth development, typically in children under the age of six. When fluoride levels in drinking water exceed the recommended limits, it can lead to this cosmetic condition characterized by changes in the appearance of the tooth enamel, ranging from mild white spots to severe discoloration and damage. This can have significant implications for both dental aesthetics and the overall oral health of individuals, especially children. Other options, while they may involve health effects, are not specifically linked to fluoride levels in drinking water in the same way. Diarrhea and skin irritation are more likely associated with other contaminants or impurities in water. Neurological damage has been debated in studies, but the direct link to fluoride at regulated levels in drinking water is less well established compared to the effects on dental health from excessive fluoride exposure. Thus, staining of teeth is the most direct and well-recognized outcome associated with elevated fluoride levels in drinking water.