Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ). Class C Water License Exam

Which disease can be spread by inadequately disinfected water?

1. Cholera

2. Dysentery

3. Giardiasis

4. Hepatitis A

The correct answer is: Dysentery

Dysentery is indeed a disease that can be spread by inadequately disinfected water. Dysentery primarily refers to an infection that causes severe diarrhea with the presence of blood and mucus in the stool, which can be caused by various pathogens such as bacteria or parasites. Contaminated water is a common transmission route for these pathogens, making proper water treatment and disinfection crucial to preventing outbreaks. While cholera, giardiasis, and hepatitis A are also waterborne diseases, each has distinct transmission methods and pathogen sources. Cholera is primarily caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium and is heavily linked to fecal contamination of water supplies. Giardiasis is caused by the Giardia intestinalis parasite, and can also be contracted through contaminated water, particularly in areas where sanitation is poor. Hepatitis A, a viral infection, can be contracted from consuming contaminated food and water, but its transmission is less directly associated with disinfection processes compared to dysentery. Understanding the connection between insufficient water treatment and specific diseases emphasizes the importance of adequate water system management and public health measures in preventing waterborne illnesses.