What characterizes potable water?

Potable water is characterized by being maintained at adequate pressure and being pathogen-free. This quality ensures that the water is safe for human consumption and meets health standards. Maintaining adequate pressure is essential for preventing contamination from backflow and ensuring proper distribution throughout water systems. Being pathogen-free indicates that the water has been treated to eliminate harmful microorganisms, making it safe to drink.

The other choices do not accurately define potable water. High mineral content can sometimes make water unsuitable for drinking. The requirement of chlorine residual is a common practice in water treatment to maintain microbial safety, but not having a chlorine residual does not inherently define potable water. Similarly, high levels of nitrates can pose health risks, particularly for infants, and thus do not align with the characteristics of potable water.