Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ). Class C Water License Exam

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What can be affected by the pH levels during surface water treatment?

  1. Chemical storage

  2. Filtration efficiency

  3. Coagulation effectiveness

  4. Water temperature

The correct answer is: Coagulation effectiveness

The effectiveness of coagulation in water treatment is significantly influenced by the pH levels of the water being treated. Coagulation is the process in which chemical coagulants, like aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride, are added to water to facilitate the aggregation of suspended particles into larger clumps, or flocs, so they can be removed more effectively. The pH level affects the charge of both the coagulants and the particles in water. Each coagulant has an optimal pH range where it performs best; for instance, alum works effectively at a slightly acidic pH range (around 6.5 to 7.5). If the pH level deviates from this optimal range, the coagulation process may be less effective, leading to poor removal of particles and a reduction in water quality. Therefore, maintaining the appropriate pH level is crucial for ensuring the coagulation process works as intended, making this option the most relevant choice regarding the influence of pH during surface water treatment.