What are the underground water-bearing formations used for public water supplies called?

The correct response identifies aquifers as underground water-bearing formations utilized for public water supplies. Aquifers are geological formations that can store and transmit significant amounts of water, allowing for effective extraction through wells. They are crucial for providing a sustainable source of water in many regions, especially where surface water is scarce or heavily utilized.

Aquifers are typically composed of permeable materials such as gravel, sand, or limestone, which facilitate the movement of water. This makes them an essential resource for municipal water supply systems, agricultural irrigation, and other uses. Understanding the role of aquifers in the hydrological cycle and their contribution to water supply management is vital for ensuring long-term water availability and sustainability.